Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is defined as a damage to the brain resulting from an external mechanical force.
TBI is a complex disease process (Masel BE & DeWitt DS, 2010) and several studies have demonstrated that long-term functional and structural changes take place up to one year after TBI (Smith DH et al, 1997; Kochanek PM et al, 2002; Liu YR et al, 2010).
emka TECHNOLOGIES solutions allow short and long-term acquisition of various physiological parameters in animals models of TBI (rodents, swine, dogs, non-human primates, etc), such as EEG, EMG, Blood pressure, Respiration and Activity. Our instruments help researchers better understand the pathological mechanisms and explore novel therapeutic options.
Wireless technology permits a constant transfer of high volumes of digital data from freely moving animals. The advantages associated with this technique are well established; higher quality data obtained from naturally behaving subjects, which reliably captures detailed physiological events. Powerful software helps researchers comb through the data and analyze their subject’s response.
Various sized options are available in our implantable telemetry systems, all being able to collect EEG, ECG, EMG, Blood pressure, temperature, and Activity continuously during several weeks or months.
The easyTEL+RP reusable telemeter acquires up to four low-noise biopotentials (cortical or penetrating EEG, EMG, ECG, EOG) as well as activity from rodents 200g or more.
In large animals, it collects neurological and activity changes without surgical implantation of the telemeter. Subjects are equipped with an external transmitter housed in a jacket or a helmet with surface leads paced on the scalp.
Externalized transmitters can be reused across subjects, cohorts, and studies, reducing start-up costs for behavioral studies requiring a large subject pool. The custom design of our transmitters (electrodes, electrode wires, polarity) combined with user configurable sampling rate, resolution, and gain, provide users with various study design options. Easily exchangeable batteries last for up to 150 hours of continuous recordings.
Experimental studies have shown that lung injury is likely to occur shortly after brain damage. After a brain injury, breathing patterns can easily be assessed using plethysmographs, a non-invasive solution.
When further insights into the lungs are needed or when the assistance of a ventilator is required, comprehensive respiratory mechanics measurements can be acquired using invasive approaches such as the forced oscillation technique.
Our EEG analysis module allows the analysis of EEG morphology with time-synchronized video for behavioral verification.
Automated sleep scoring allows for further behavioral analysis through sleep staging that can be overlaid on signal screen. FFT spectral information can also be overlaid on the signal screen to observe changes between epochs.
With automated seizure detection, users can define seizure parameters and allow the software to identify points. Spectral analysis is displayed in a pop-up screen for further analysis on variable time intervals.
Heatmaps allow for easy identification of changes in signal over time or across leads that could be related to disease, activity, or incoherence across various leads or brain regions.
Dr. Poulsen was an incredible researcher, collaborator and friend to all of us at emka. He worked in the Neurosurgery Department, in the Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences at the University at Buffalo. His research focus was the post-traumatic epilepsy and potential induced seizures.
Dr. Poulsen shared his thoughts about his work during an interview in 2020.
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